If your business is incorporated you should have a shareholder's loan account. As you use your own money to make purchases for the business you are lending money to the business and the cr side of the entry should go to shareholder's loan. When the company can afford to repay you the entry will be a dr to shareholder's loan and a cr to the bank. The shareholder's loan account carries forward on the balance sheet from year to year.
If your business is a proprietorship you should have proprietor's drawing and proprietor's contributions accounts. As you use your own money to make purchases for the business you are lending money to the business and the cr side of the entry should go to proprietor's contributions. When the business can afford to repay you the entry will be a dr to proprietor's drawings and a cr to the bank. The proprietor's drawings and contributions accounts are closed to retained earnings at the end of each year.
Petty cash is money owned by the business which is held to make small purchases and is reimbursed periodically from your bank account. For example you might buy stamps and some small office supplies from petty cash. When you reimburse petty cash you will make an entry to cr the bank and dr the appropriate expense accounts. Write the cheque to yourself, cash it and put the money back into the petty cash drawer.
